求把下面一段话翻译成英语，急。谢绝机器翻译。
2024-05-04来源：编辑
Despite the fact that, in the wake of high speed economic growth, unemployment rate has moved downward in recent years, however, the eruption of America's "Sub-prime loan" crisis already has broad negative impact on China's and the globe's economic growth, and since the third quarter of last year, there was a huge downward slide in China's export, as a result of the impact of decreased demand of the American and international markets and the rising of domestic labour cost. the pulling effect that export has on the growth of national economy also declines consequently. Simultaneously, owing to the many years' continued expansion of China's fixed capital investment, the pulling effect of investment on economy has also further become weakened. The combined effect of those factors prompts China's economic growth to be faced with an accelerated downward pressure, which would undoubtedly make it more difficult to bring unemployment under control. Hence, it is necessary for us to unite and change globe's and domestic situation (condition),and timely adjust the macro policy for economic growth and unemployment control, in order to realise the positive interaction between economic growth and expansion of obtaining employment.
5.1 Close link of expanding internal demand and expansion of obtaining employment to economic growth is the foundation of broadening employment
attainment. International financial crisis is still spreading, and China's economic growth has also started to slide downward as a result, we should expand internal (domestic) demand under the circumstances of weak external demand, so that we could protect our economic growth and at the same time reduce unemployment. Because, maintaining national economy's speedy, sustained and steady growth is not only conducive to the prevention of cyclical unemployment, but it is also beneficial to raising effective employment attainment rate, enlarge the scope of employment. Conversely, the increase in employment would enable the effective use of labour resources, and increase labourers' income, thus promote economic growth. However, this does not mean that economic growth would certainly produce growth in employment attainment, as this kind of pulling effect still requires various types of influencing factors such as economic growth mode etc.,
Economic growth is unable to turn to the expansion of employment attainment opportunity. In other words, it still requires the cooperation of corresponding macroeconomic policy, in order to realise the positive interaction between economic growth and expansion of employment attainment. In the process of expanding domestic demand and
stimulating economic growth, one needs to pay great attention to the overall plan of various production technique's progress, properly manage the development of relationship between labour intensive; capital intensive and technology intensive types of productions, so as to guarantee the realization of employment attainment growth with economic growth speed as prerequisite.
Currently, in order to withstand the unfavourable impact of international economic environment, the following measures can be taken
to expand domestic demand: enlarge consumptions, especially those of the residents; continue to adjust income allocation structure, increase low income group's income and peasants' subsidy; increase government's expenditure, accelerate municipal administration's infrastructures and public facilities construction, improve people's livelihood; speed up the carrying forward of energy saving work; stabilize the real estate market and regulate market's rules and orders, conscientiously implement
differential taxation and credit policies, encourage and support rational housing spending and promote steady and healthy development of real estate market etc., However, it needs to prevent blind and excessive expansion; avoid inducing new bubble.
When resolving present issues, attention must be paid to the hidden and potential problems and closely follow the situation so as to discover new situation and new symptom in good time, and do not accumulate problems until they are big. An important lesson from the American sub-prime loan crisis which happened during the last round's economic cyclical low ebb¾ it began in 2001, in order to prevent serious economic decline and to stimulate pick up, a policy, of flexibility and lacking in supervision was adopted, which led to the build up of real estate bubble in 2004, around the economic peak, and finally brought about the serious crisis in 2007-2008.
Many measures to expand spending had been take during the attempt to maintain growth and enlarge domestic demand, such as raising the income of middle and low income residents, improve various social safeguard system, nurture spending hot spots, stabilize and expand huge spending on houses and cars etc., expand public services spending in the aspects of education, health, and culture etc.,
The expansion of investment still could lead to the increase of investment rate during the stage of China's industrialization, and the processes of China's accelerated urbanization and the upgrade of spending structure with regards to housing and transport.
In the wake of China's synthesizing the strengthening of national power,
there is a special point of difference between the current investment expansion and the previous one: the current one pays great attention various projects that relate directly to the improvement of people's livelihood, such as government's safeguard on the increase of the degree of power of investing in housing construction. There is a special relationship between investment and spending that has to be clearly identified. This lies in the international standardization which stipulates that, in calculating national economic statistic, housing constructions are treated as "investment" and included in the expenditure method for items in the "fixed capital formation" of domestic total production value; yet when residents purchase houses for their own use, it is supposed to be treated as spending as far as the residents' livelihood expenditure is concerned, however, only a small
amount of depreciation charges are included in the item of "final expenditure" during the yearly statistical calculation.
In other words, houses are treated as special products which are more regarded as " investment" and much less treated as "spending" in the yearly statistical calculation. When a nation is in the peak period of housing construction, investment rate would appear to be relatively high. From the long term view, after the enlargement of residents' house statistics base, spending rate would be raised in statistics.
Although in recent years, is following the economical fast growth, the unemployment rate has the decline, but in 2007 erupts American “the loan crisis” already has had the widespread negative influence to Chinese and the world economic growth, the US and so on international market recession in demand and the domestic labor force cost rise's influence, China since the third quarter of last year, the export has slid largely, exports the drawing function which grows to the national economy also along with it drop. At the same time, because China investment in the fixed assets many years expanded continually continuously, invest it also to further transfer to the economical drawing function weakly. These factor's combined action, causes the Chinese economic growth to face the pressure which the speed-up drops, will give the unemployment government to bring a greater difficulty inevitably. From this, needs we unified changed the world and the domestic situation, at the right moment adjusted the economic growth and the unemployment government macroscopic policy, realized the economic growth and the job enlargement benign interaction.
5. the expanded domestic demand and the job enlargement unify the economic growth are the job enlargement foundations closely. The international finance crisis in the spread, its influence, China's economic growth is also also started to slide, needs in not the strong situation in outside, we should expand the domestic demand, while guarantees the economic growth to reduce the unemployment. Because, maintains the national economy fast, the stable growth is not only continually advantageous in avoids, because the economical fluctuation produces periodic unemployment, moreover is advantageous in raises the effective employment rate, the job enlargement scale. In turn, employment quantity's increase, may use the pool of labor power effectively, enhances the worker income, thus promotion economy growth. But this did not mean that had the economic growth certainly to have the employment to grow, because this kind of drawing effect must receive the economic growth way and so on many kinds of factors the influence. The economic growth on own initiative will not transform as the employment opportunity expansion. That is, must realize the economic growth and the job enlargement benign interaction, but must have the corresponding macroeconomic policy coordination. In the expanded domestic demand, in the process which the drawing domestic economy grows, should pay great attention various industries technology advancement the overall layout, processes the development labor concentrated industry, the capital intensity industry, the technology-intensive industry to relate properly, in order to realizes under the guarantee economic growth rate's premise on the industry growth. Presently, for the resistance international economy environment's adverse effect, the expanded domestic demand may take the measure is: The expansion expends, particularly the resident expends; Continues to adjust the division of income pattern, enhances the low income crowd income and increases farmer's subsidy; Increases the government expenditure, speeds up the municipal administration infrastructure and the service of public utility construction, the improvement livelihood of the people; Speeds up the advancement construction energy conservation work; The stable real estate market and the standard market order, carries out the differentiated earnestly the tax credit policy, encourages and supports the reasonable housing consumption, the promotion real estate market stable healthy development and so on. However, must prevent to expand excessively blindly, prevents to expedite the new froth. When solution at present question, must pay attention to concealed, ambush's question, tracks the situation closely, discovered promptly the new situation, the new symptom, do not accumulate the major problem. An American loan crisis's important lesson, was - - 2001 starts in the last round economic cycle trough, to prevent the economical slump of disastrous proportions and the stimulation rise, adopted has been too loose and lacks the supervision the policy, caused in 2004 around the economical peak the real estate froth, and caused finally 2007--2008 serious crisis.
In this time guarantees the growth, to expand in the domestic demand, has adopted the action which many expansions expend, like enhances the mid and low earning resident income, consummates each social security systems, the cultivation consumption hot spot, expands large amounts stably and so on housing and automobile expends, expanded education, health, culture and so on collective services expense. But in the present stage China industrialization, the urbanization speed up in process, in the consumption pattern to lives, in the line of promotion process, the investment expansion will still cause the rate of investment rise. Along with the Chinese comprehensive national strength's enhancement, this expanded investment was takes seriously with formerly a different characteristic with the direct improvement livelihood of the people related each project, if enlarges the government to the indemnificatory housing investment construction dynamics. In the housing construction, some special investment and the expense relations need to clarify. This is, internationally unifies the stipulation in the national economic accounting statistics, the housing construction is includes expenditure approach GDP by “the investment” “the fixed capital formation” in the project; But the resident purchases from housing, although lived the use regarding the resident to belong to the expense completely, but every year only amount's amortization fund included in the statistics by very small the “expends " in finally the project. This i.e., the housing takes one kind specially, in the year statistics, “" many which includes by the investment, includes by “the expense” is very small. When a country is in the housing construction high tide time, the rate of investment will display high. From looked for a long time, after residential building cardinal number expansion, statistically the consumption rate will enhance.
Although in recent years, accompanied by rapid economic growth, the unemployment rate has dropped, but the outbreak of the U.S. in 2007
"Sub-prime crisis" has been on China and the world's economic growth will have a broad negative impact by the United States and other international markets, declining demand and the domestic impact of rising labor costs, China has since the third quarter last year, exports have fallen sharply, exports to the national role in driving economic growth is lower. At the same time, due to China's fixed asset investment has continued to expand for many years, the investment of its role in boosting the economy weakened further. Combined effect of these factors, so that China's economic growth is facing downward pressure on growth rate will exert a greater unemployment, governance more difficult. As a result,
We need to combine a changed world and domestic situation, a timely adjustment of economic growth and unemployment in the macro-control policies to achieve economic growth and expanding employment interaction.
5.1 The expansion of domestic demand and the expansion of employment closely
Economic growth is the expanding employment base. The international financial crisis has also spread its influence, China's economic growth began to fall outside the need is not strong, we should expand domestic demand and economic growth in Bulgaria and lower unemployment. Because the national economy maintained rapid, sustained and steady growth is not only beneficial to avoid fluctuations in the economy resulting from cyclical unemployment, but also conducive to raising the employment rate and effective to expand the scale of employment. In turn, the amount of the increase in employment can be efficient use of labor resources, increasing labor income, thereby promoting economic growth. Economic growth does not mean that there are necessarily job growth,
Pulling effect because it also affected by economic growth and other factors. Economic growth will not take the initiative to translate into expanded employment opportunities. In other words, to achieve economic growth and expanding employment interaction, but also there is a corresponding macro-economic policies. In expanding domestic demand and stimulate domestic economic growth process, we should pay attention to the overall layout of industrial technology, properly handle the development of labor-intensive industries, capital-intensive industries, the relationship between technology-intensive industries in order to ensure economic growth rate of achieved under the premise of the
Industry growth. At present, in order to resist the adverse effects of the international economic environment, may take measures to expand domestic demand are: to expand consumption, especially consumption; continue to adjust the distribution of income, improve income and increase in low-income subsidies to the farmers; increase in government spending, speed up the municipal infrastructure facilities and public facilities, improving the people's livelihood; accelerate the work of building energy efficiency; stabilize the real estate market and standardize the market order, and seriously implement the differentiation of the tax credit policy to encourage and support reasonable housing consumption, and promoting steady and healthy development of the real estate market. However, to prevent excessive expansion of the blind, to prevent the birth of a new bubble.
In solving the immediate problems, pay attention to the implicit, latent problems, closely tracking the situation, and to discover new situations and new signs, do not accumulate a big problem. The U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis in one important lesson is that in the last round of the economic cycle trough - 2001 onwards, in order to prevent the economy from a severe recession and stimulate the recovery has taken far too lenient policy, but the lack of supervision led to the economy in 2004 before and after the peak The real estate bubble, which eventually led to 2007 - 2008 years of a serious crisis. In this insurance growing, expanding domestic demand, taking a number of initiatives to expand consumption, such as to raise the income of low-income residents, improve the social security system
Degrees, cultivating consumer hotspots, the steady expansion of big-ticket purchases such as houses and cars, expanding education, health, culture and other public services spending. But at this stage of China's industrialization and urbanization speed up the process, in the consumption structure to the housing, the upgrade process, the expansion of investment will continue to rise in investment rates. As China's comprehensive national strength, the expansion of investment and different from the past is a characteristic of very great importance to improving people's livelihood directly related to the various projects, such as increased government investment in housing, construction of protective strength. In housing construction, there is a special relationship between investment and consumption, the need to clarify
. That is, at the international level under a unified national accounts statistics, housing construction is based on "investment" and included in the gross domestic product by expenditure approach "fixed capital formation," projects; and residents to purchase their homes, though the residents Use it entirely consumption, but only a very small annual statistics
The amount of depreciation expense included in "final consumption" items. That is to say, housing as a special product, in the annual statistics, in order to "investment" included in the multi-to "consumption" included a very small. When a country is in the height of housing construction, the performance of the investment rate will be high. The long term, after the expansion of residential housing base, and the statistics will be upgraded with the consumption rate.
Although in recent years, accompanied by rapid economic growth, the unemployment rate has dropped, but the outbreak of the U.S. in 2007
Although in recent years, accompanied by rapid economic growth, the unemployment rate has dropped, but the outbreak of the U.S. in 2007
"Sub-prime crisis" has been on China and the world's economic growth will have a broad negative impact by the United States and other international markets, declining demand and the domestic impact of rising labor costs, China has since the third quarter last year, exports have fallen sharply, exports to the national role in driving economic growth is lower. At the same time, due to China's fixed asset investment has continued to expand for many years, the investment of its role in boosting the economy weakened further. Combined effect of these factors, so that China's economic growth is facing downward pressure on growth rate will exert a greater unemployment, governance more difficult. As a result,
We need to combine a changed world and domestic situation, a timely adjustment of economic growth and unemployment in the macro-control policies to achieve economic growth and expanding employment interaction.
5.1 The expansion of domestic demand and the expansion of employment closely
Economic growth is the expanding employment base. The international financial crisis has also spread its influence, China's economic growth began to fall outside the need is not strong, we should expand domestic demand and economic growth in Bulgaria and lower unemployment. Because the national economy maintained rapid, sustained and steady growth is not only beneficial to avoid fluctuations in the economy resulting from cyclical unemployment, but also conducive to raising the employment rate and effective to expand the scale of employment. In turn, the amount of the increase in employment can be efficient use of labor resources, increasing labor income, thereby promoting economic growth. Economic growth does not mean that there are necessarily job growth,
Pulling effect because it also affected by economic growth and other factors. Economic growth will not take the initiative to translate into expanded employment opportunities. In other words, to achieve economic growth and expanding employment interaction, but also there is a corresponding macro-economic policies. In expanding domestic demand and stimulate domestic economic growth process, we should pay attention to the overall layout of industrial technology, properly handle the development of labor-intensive industries, capital-intensive industries, the relationship between technology-intensive industries in order to ensure economic growth rate of achieved under the premise of the
Industry growth. At present, in order to resist the adverse effects of the international economic environment, may take measures to expand domestic demand are: to expand consumption, especially consumption; continue to adjust the distribution of income, improve income and increase in low-income subsidies to the farmers; increase in government spending, speed up the municipal infrastructure facilities and public facilities, improving the people's livelihood; accelerate the work of building energy efficiency; stabilize the real estate market and standardize the market order, and seriously implement the differentiation of the tax credit policy to encourage and support reasonable housing consumption, and promoting steady and healthy development of the real estate market. However, to prevent excessive expansion of the blind, to prevent the birth of a new bubble.
In solving the immediate problems, pay attention to the implicit, latent problems, closely tracking the situation, and to discover new situations and new signs, do not accumulate a big problem. The U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis in one important lesson is that in the last round of the economic cycle trough - 2001 onwards, in order to prevent the economy from a severe recession and stimulate the recovery has taken far too lenient policy, but the lack of supervision led to the economy in 2004 before and after the peak The real estate bubble, which eventually led to 2007 - 2008 years of a serious crisis. In this insurance growing, expanding domestic demand, taking a number of initiatives to expand consumption, such as to raise the income of low-income residents, improve the social security system
Degrees, cultivating consumer hotspots, the steady expansion of big-ticket purchases such as houses and cars, expanding education, health, culture and other public services spending. But at this stage of China's industrialization and urbanization speed up the process, in the consumption structure to the housing, the upgrade process, the expansion of investment will continue to rise in investment rates. As China's comprehensive national strength, the expansion of investment and different from the past is a characteristic of very great importance to improving people's livelihood directly related to the various projects, such as increased government investment in housing, construction of protective strength. In housing construction, there is a special relationship between investment and consumption, the need to clarify
. That is, at the international level under a unified national accounts statistics, housing construction is based on "investment" and included in the gross domestic product by expenditure approach "fixed capital formation," projects; and residents to purchase their homes, though the residents Use it entirely consumption, but only a very small annual statistics.
Although in recent years, is following the economical fast growth, the unemployment rate has the decline, but in 2007 erupts American “the loan crisis” already has had the widespread negative influence to Chinese and the world economic growth, the US and so on international market recession in demand and the domestic labor force cost rise's influence, China since the third quarter of last year, the export has slid largely, exports the drawing function which grows to the national economy also along with it drop. At the same time, because China investment in the fixed assets many years expanded continually continuously, invest it also to further transfer to the economical drawing function weakly. These factor's combined action, causes the Chinese economic growth to face the pressure which the speed-up drops, will give the unemployment government to bring a greater difficulty inevitably. From this, needs we unified changed the world and the domestic situation, at the right moment adjusted the economic growth and the unemployment government macroscopic policy, realized the economic growth and the job enlargement benign interaction.
5. the expanded domestic demand and the job enlargement unify the economic growth are the job enlargement foundations closely. The international finance crisis in the spread, its influence, China's economic growth is also also started to slide, needs in not the strong situation in outside, we should expand the domestic demand, while guarantees the economic growth to reduce the unemployment. Because, maintains the national economy fast, the stable growth is not only continually advantageous in avoids, because the economical fluctuation produces periodic unemployment, moreover is advantageous in raises the effective employment rate, the job enlargement scale. In turn, employment quantity's increase, may use the pool of labor power effectively, enhances the worker income, thus promotion economy growth. But this did not mean that had the economic growth certainly to have the employment to grow, because this kind of drawing effect must receive the economic growth way and so on many kinds of factors the influence. The economic growth on own initiative will not transform as the employment opportunity expansion. That is, must realize the economic growth and the job enlargement benign interaction, but must have the corresponding macroeconomic policy coordination. In the expanded domestic demand, in the process which the drawing domestic economy grows, should pay great attention various industries technology advancement the overall layout, processes the development labor concentrated industry, the capital intensity industry, the technology-intensive industry to relate properly, in order to realizes under the guarantee economic growth rate's premise on the industry growth. Presently, for the resistance international economy environment's adverse effect, the expanded domestic demand may take the measure is: The expansion expends, particularly the resident expends; Continues to adjust the division of income pattern, enhances the low income crowd income and increases farmer's subsidy; Increases the government expenditure, speeds up the municipal administration infrastructure and the service of public utility construction, the improvement livelihood of the people; Speeds up the advancement construction energy conservation work; The stable real estate market and the standard market order, carries out the differentiated earnestly the tax credit policy, encourages and supports the reasonable housing consumption, the promotion real estate market stable healthy development and so on. However, must prevent to expand excessively blindly, prevents to expedite the new froth. When solution at present question, must pay attention to concealed, ambush's question, tracks the situation closely, discovered promptly the new situation, the new symptom, do not accumulate the major problem. An American loan crisis's important lesson, was - - 2001 starts in the last round economic cycle trough, to prevent the economical slump of disastrous proportions and the stimulation rise, adopted has been too loose and lacks the supervision the policy, caused in 2004 around the economical peak the real estate froth, and caused finally 2007--2008 serious crisis.
In this time guarantees the growth, to expand in the domestic demand, has adopted the action which many expansions expend, like enhances the mid and low earning resident income, consummates each social security systems, the cultivation consumption hot spot, expands large amounts stably and so on housing and automobile expends, expanded education, health, culture and so on collective services expense. But in the present stage China industrialization, the urbanization speed up in process, in the consumption pattern to lives, in the line of promotion process, the investment expansion will still cause the rate of investment rise. Along with the Chinese comprehensive national strength's enhancement, this expanded investment was takes seriously with formerly a different characteristic with the direct improvement livelihood of the people related each project, if enlarges the government to the indemnificatory housing investment construction dynamics. In the housing construction, some special investment and the expense relations need to clarify. This is, internationally unifies the stipulation in the national economic accounting statistics, the housing construction is includes expenditure approach GDP by “the investment” “the fixed capital formation” in the project; But the resident purchases from housing, although lived the use regarding the resident to belong to the expense completely, but every year only amount's amortization fund included in the statistics by very small the “expends " in finally the project. This i.e., the housing takes one kind specially, in the year statistics, “" many which includes by the investment, includes by “the expense” is very small. When a country is in the housing construction high tide time, the rate of investment will display high. From looked for a long time, ,
5.1 Close link of expanding internal demand and expansion of obtaining employment to economic growth is the foundation of broadening employment
attainment. International financial crisis is still spreading, and China's economic growth has also started to slide downward as a result, we should expand internal (domestic) demand under the circumstances of weak external demand, so that we could protect our economic growth and at the same time reduce unemployment. Because, maintaining national economy's speedy, sustained and steady growth is not only conducive to the prevention of cyclical unemployment, but it is also beneficial to raising effective employment attainment rate, enlarge the scope of employment. Conversely, the increase in employment would enable the effective use of labour resources, and increase labourers' income, thus promote economic growth. However, this does not mean that economic growth would certainly produce growth in employment attainment, as this kind of pulling effect still requires various types of influencing factors such as economic growth mode etc.,
Economic growth is unable to turn to the expansion of employment attainment opportunity. In other words, it still requires the cooperation of corresponding macroeconomic policy, in order to realise the positive interaction between economic growth and expansion of employment attainment. In the process of expanding domestic demand and
stimulating economic growth, one needs to pay great attention to the overall plan of various production technique's progress, properly manage the development of relationship between labour intensive; capital intensive and technology intensive types of productions, so as to guarantee the realization of employment attainment growth with economic growth speed as prerequisite.
Currently, in order to withstand the unfavourable impact of international economic environment, the following measures can be taken
to expand domestic demand: enlarge consumptions, especially those of the residents; continue to adjust income allocation structure, increase low income group's income and peasants' subsidy; increase government's expenditure, accelerate municipal administration's infrastructures and public facilities construction, improve people's livelihood; speed up the carrying forward of energy saving work; stabilize the real estate market and regulate market's rules and orders, conscientiously implement
differential taxation and credit policies, encourage and support rational housing spending and promote steady and healthy development of real estate market etc., However, it needs to prevent blind and excessive expansion; avoid inducing new bubble.
When resolving present issues, attention must be paid to the hidden and potential problems and closely follow the situation so as to discover new situation and new symptom in good time, and do not accumulate problems until they are big. An important lesson from the American sub-prime loan crisis which happened during the last round's economic cyclical low ebb¾ it began in 2001, in order to prevent serious economic decline and to stimulate pick up, a policy, of flexibility and lacking in supervision was adopted, which led to the build up of real estate bubble in 2004, around the economic peak, and finally brought about the serious crisis in 2007-2008.
Many measures to expand spending had been take during the attempt to maintain growth and enlarge domestic demand, such as raising the income of middle and low income residents, improve various social safeguard system, nurture spending hot spots, stabilize and expand huge spending on houses and cars etc., expand public services spending in the aspects of education, health, and culture etc.,
The expansion of investment still could lead to the increase of investment rate during the stage of China's industrialization, and the processes of China's accelerated urbanization and the upgrade of spending structure with regards to housing and transport.
In the wake of China's synthesizing the strengthening of national power,
there is a special point of difference between the current investment expansion and the previous one: the current one pays great attention various projects that relate directly to the improvement of people's livelihood, such as government's safeguard on the increase of the degree of power of investing in housing construction. There is a special relationship between investment and spending that has to be clearly identified. This lies in the international standardization which stipulates that, in calculating national economic statistic, housing constructions are treated as "investment" and included in the expenditure method for items in the "fixed capital formation" of domestic total production value; yet when residents purchase houses for their own use, it is supposed to be treated as spending as far as the residents' livelihood expenditure is concerned, however, only a small
amount of depreciation charges are included in the item of "final expenditure" during the yearly statistical calculation.
In other words, houses are treated as special products which are more regarded as " investment" and much less treated as "spending" in the yearly statistical calculation. When a nation is in the peak period of housing construction, investment rate would appear to be relatively high. From the long term view, after the enlargement of residents' house statistics base, spending rate would be raised in statistics.
Although in recent years, is following the economical fast growth, the unemployment rate has the decline, but in 2007 erupts American “the loan crisis” already has had the widespread negative influence to Chinese and the world economic growth, the US and so on international market recession in demand and the domestic labor force cost rise's influence, China since the third quarter of last year, the export has slid largely, exports the drawing function which grows to the national economy also along with it drop. At the same time, because China investment in the fixed assets many years expanded continually continuously, invest it also to further transfer to the economical drawing function weakly. These factor's combined action, causes the Chinese economic growth to face the pressure which the speed-up drops, will give the unemployment government to bring a greater difficulty inevitably. From this, needs we unified changed the world and the domestic situation, at the right moment adjusted the economic growth and the unemployment government macroscopic policy, realized the economic growth and the job enlargement benign interaction.
5. the expanded domestic demand and the job enlargement unify the economic growth are the job enlargement foundations closely. The international finance crisis in the spread, its influence, China's economic growth is also also started to slide, needs in not the strong situation in outside, we should expand the domestic demand, while guarantees the economic growth to reduce the unemployment. Because, maintains the national economy fast, the stable growth is not only continually advantageous in avoids, because the economical fluctuation produces periodic unemployment, moreover is advantageous in raises the effective employment rate, the job enlargement scale. In turn, employment quantity's increase, may use the pool of labor power effectively, enhances the worker income, thus promotion economy growth. But this did not mean that had the economic growth certainly to have the employment to grow, because this kind of drawing effect must receive the economic growth way and so on many kinds of factors the influence. The economic growth on own initiative will not transform as the employment opportunity expansion. That is, must realize the economic growth and the job enlargement benign interaction, but must have the corresponding macroeconomic policy coordination. In the expanded domestic demand, in the process which the drawing domestic economy grows, should pay great attention various industries technology advancement the overall layout, processes the development labor concentrated industry, the capital intensity industry, the technology-intensive industry to relate properly, in order to realizes under the guarantee economic growth rate's premise on the industry growth. Presently, for the resistance international economy environment's adverse effect, the expanded domestic demand may take the measure is: The expansion expends, particularly the resident expends; Continues to adjust the division of income pattern, enhances the low income crowd income and increases farmer's subsidy; Increases the government expenditure, speeds up the municipal administration infrastructure and the service of public utility construction, the improvement livelihood of the people; Speeds up the advancement construction energy conservation work; The stable real estate market and the standard market order, carries out the differentiated earnestly the tax credit policy, encourages and supports the reasonable housing consumption, the promotion real estate market stable healthy development and so on. However, must prevent to expand excessively blindly, prevents to expedite the new froth. When solution at present question, must pay attention to concealed, ambush's question, tracks the situation closely, discovered promptly the new situation, the new symptom, do not accumulate the major problem. An American loan crisis's important lesson, was - - 2001 starts in the last round economic cycle trough, to prevent the economical slump of disastrous proportions and the stimulation rise, adopted has been too loose and lacks the supervision the policy, caused in 2004 around the economical peak the real estate froth, and caused finally 2007--2008 serious crisis.
In this time guarantees the growth, to expand in the domestic demand, has adopted the action which many expansions expend, like enhances the mid and low earning resident income, consummates each social security systems, the cultivation consumption hot spot, expands large amounts stably and so on housing and automobile expends, expanded education, health, culture and so on collective services expense. But in the present stage China industrialization, the urbanization speed up in process, in the consumption pattern to lives, in the line of promotion process, the investment expansion will still cause the rate of investment rise. Along with the Chinese comprehensive national strength's enhancement, this expanded investment was takes seriously with formerly a different characteristic with the direct improvement livelihood of the people related each project, if enlarges the government to the indemnificatory housing investment construction dynamics. In the housing construction, some special investment and the expense relations need to clarify. This is, internationally unifies the stipulation in the national economic accounting statistics, the housing construction is includes expenditure approach GDP by “the investment” “the fixed capital formation” in the project; But the resident purchases from housing, although lived the use regarding the resident to belong to the expense completely, but every year only amount's amortization fund included in the statistics by very small the “expends " in finally the project. This i.e., the housing takes one kind specially, in the year statistics, “" many which includes by the investment, includes by “the expense” is very small. When a country is in the housing construction high tide time, the rate of investment will display high. From looked for a long time, after residential building cardinal number expansion, statistically the consumption rate will enhance.
Although in recent years, accompanied by rapid economic growth, the unemployment rate has dropped, but the outbreak of the U.S. in 2007
"Sub-prime crisis" has been on China and the world's economic growth will have a broad negative impact by the United States and other international markets, declining demand and the domestic impact of rising labor costs, China has since the third quarter last year, exports have fallen sharply, exports to the national role in driving economic growth is lower. At the same time, due to China's fixed asset investment has continued to expand for many years, the investment of its role in boosting the economy weakened further. Combined effect of these factors, so that China's economic growth is facing downward pressure on growth rate will exert a greater unemployment, governance more difficult. As a result,
We need to combine a changed world and domestic situation, a timely adjustment of economic growth and unemployment in the macro-control policies to achieve economic growth and expanding employment interaction.
5.1 The expansion of domestic demand and the expansion of employment closely
Economic growth is the expanding employment base. The international financial crisis has also spread its influence, China's economic growth began to fall outside the need is not strong, we should expand domestic demand and economic growth in Bulgaria and lower unemployment. Because the national economy maintained rapid, sustained and steady growth is not only beneficial to avoid fluctuations in the economy resulting from cyclical unemployment, but also conducive to raising the employment rate and effective to expand the scale of employment. In turn, the amount of the increase in employment can be efficient use of labor resources, increasing labor income, thereby promoting economic growth. Economic growth does not mean that there are necessarily job growth,
Pulling effect because it also affected by economic growth and other factors. Economic growth will not take the initiative to translate into expanded employment opportunities. In other words, to achieve economic growth and expanding employment interaction, but also there is a corresponding macro-economic policies. In expanding domestic demand and stimulate domestic economic growth process, we should pay attention to the overall layout of industrial technology, properly handle the development of labor-intensive industries, capital-intensive industries, the relationship between technology-intensive industries in order to ensure economic growth rate of achieved under the premise of the
Industry growth. At present, in order to resist the adverse effects of the international economic environment, may take measures to expand domestic demand are: to expand consumption, especially consumption; continue to adjust the distribution of income, improve income and increase in low-income subsidies to the farmers; increase in government spending, speed up the municipal infrastructure facilities and public facilities, improving the people's livelihood; accelerate the work of building energy efficiency; stabilize the real estate market and standardize the market order, and seriously implement the differentiation of the tax credit policy to encourage and support reasonable housing consumption, and promoting steady and healthy development of the real estate market. However, to prevent excessive expansion of the blind, to prevent the birth of a new bubble.
In solving the immediate problems, pay attention to the implicit, latent problems, closely tracking the situation, and to discover new situations and new signs, do not accumulate a big problem. The U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis in one important lesson is that in the last round of the economic cycle trough - 2001 onwards, in order to prevent the economy from a severe recession and stimulate the recovery has taken far too lenient policy, but the lack of supervision led to the economy in 2004 before and after the peak The real estate bubble, which eventually led to 2007 - 2008 years of a serious crisis. In this insurance growing, expanding domestic demand, taking a number of initiatives to expand consumption, such as to raise the income of low-income residents, improve the social security system
Degrees, cultivating consumer hotspots, the steady expansion of big-ticket purchases such as houses and cars, expanding education, health, culture and other public services spending. But at this stage of China's industrialization and urbanization speed up the process, in the consumption structure to the housing, the upgrade process, the expansion of investment will continue to rise in investment rates. As China's comprehensive national strength, the expansion of investment and different from the past is a characteristic of very great importance to improving people's livelihood directly related to the various projects, such as increased government investment in housing, construction of protective strength. In housing construction, there is a special relationship between investment and consumption, the need to clarify
. That is, at the international level under a unified national accounts statistics, housing construction is based on "investment" and included in the gross domestic product by expenditure approach "fixed capital formation," projects; and residents to purchase their homes, though the residents Use it entirely consumption, but only a very small annual statistics
The amount of depreciation expense included in "final consumption" items. That is to say, housing as a special product, in the annual statistics, in order to "investment" included in the multi-to "consumption" included a very small. When a country is in the height of housing construction, the performance of the investment rate will be high. The long term, after the expansion of residential housing base, and the statistics will be upgraded with the consumption rate.
Although in recent years, accompanied by rapid economic growth, the unemployment rate has dropped, but the outbreak of the U.S. in 2007
Although in recent years, accompanied by rapid economic growth, the unemployment rate has dropped, but the outbreak of the U.S. in 2007
"Sub-prime crisis" has been on China and the world's economic growth will have a broad negative impact by the United States and other international markets, declining demand and the domestic impact of rising labor costs, China has since the third quarter last year, exports have fallen sharply, exports to the national role in driving economic growth is lower. At the same time, due to China's fixed asset investment has continued to expand for many years, the investment of its role in boosting the economy weakened further. Combined effect of these factors, so that China's economic growth is facing downward pressure on growth rate will exert a greater unemployment, governance more difficult. As a result,
We need to combine a changed world and domestic situation, a timely adjustment of economic growth and unemployment in the macro-control policies to achieve economic growth and expanding employment interaction.
5.1 The expansion of domestic demand and the expansion of employment closely
Economic growth is the expanding employment base. The international financial crisis has also spread its influence, China's economic growth began to fall outside the need is not strong, we should expand domestic demand and economic growth in Bulgaria and lower unemployment. Because the national economy maintained rapid, sustained and steady growth is not only beneficial to avoid fluctuations in the economy resulting from cyclical unemployment, but also conducive to raising the employment rate and effective to expand the scale of employment. In turn, the amount of the increase in employment can be efficient use of labor resources, increasing labor income, thereby promoting economic growth. Economic growth does not mean that there are necessarily job growth,
Pulling effect because it also affected by economic growth and other factors. Economic growth will not take the initiative to translate into expanded employment opportunities. In other words, to achieve economic growth and expanding employment interaction, but also there is a corresponding macro-economic policies. In expanding domestic demand and stimulate domestic economic growth process, we should pay attention to the overall layout of industrial technology, properly handle the development of labor-intensive industries, capital-intensive industries, the relationship between technology-intensive industries in order to ensure economic growth rate of achieved under the premise of the
Industry growth. At present, in order to resist the adverse effects of the international economic environment, may take measures to expand domestic demand are: to expand consumption, especially consumption; continue to adjust the distribution of income, improve income and increase in low-income subsidies to the farmers; increase in government spending, speed up the municipal infrastructure facilities and public facilities, improving the people's livelihood; accelerate the work of building energy efficiency; stabilize the real estate market and standardize the market order, and seriously implement the differentiation of the tax credit policy to encourage and support reasonable housing consumption, and promoting steady and healthy development of the real estate market. However, to prevent excessive expansion of the blind, to prevent the birth of a new bubble.
In solving the immediate problems, pay attention to the implicit, latent problems, closely tracking the situation, and to discover new situations and new signs, do not accumulate a big problem. The U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis in one important lesson is that in the last round of the economic cycle trough - 2001 onwards, in order to prevent the economy from a severe recession and stimulate the recovery has taken far too lenient policy, but the lack of supervision led to the economy in 2004 before and after the peak The real estate bubble, which eventually led to 2007 - 2008 years of a serious crisis. In this insurance growing, expanding domestic demand, taking a number of initiatives to expand consumption, such as to raise the income of low-income residents, improve the social security system
Degrees, cultivating consumer hotspots, the steady expansion of big-ticket purchases such as houses and cars, expanding education, health, culture and other public services spending. But at this stage of China's industrialization and urbanization speed up the process, in the consumption structure to the housing, the upgrade process, the expansion of investment will continue to rise in investment rates. As China's comprehensive national strength, the expansion of investment and different from the past is a characteristic of very great importance to improving people's livelihood directly related to the various projects, such as increased government investment in housing, construction of protective strength. In housing construction, there is a special relationship between investment and consumption, the need to clarify
. That is, at the international level under a unified national accounts statistics, housing construction is based on "investment" and included in the gross domestic product by expenditure approach "fixed capital formation," projects; and residents to purchase their homes, though the residents Use it entirely consumption, but only a very small annual statistics.
Although in recent years, is following the economical fast growth, the unemployment rate has the decline, but in 2007 erupts American “the loan crisis” already has had the widespread negative influence to Chinese and the world economic growth, the US and so on international market recession in demand and the domestic labor force cost rise's influence, China since the third quarter of last year, the export has slid largely, exports the drawing function which grows to the national economy also along with it drop. At the same time, because China investment in the fixed assets many years expanded continually continuously, invest it also to further transfer to the economical drawing function weakly. These factor's combined action, causes the Chinese economic growth to face the pressure which the speed-up drops, will give the unemployment government to bring a greater difficulty inevitably. From this, needs we unified changed the world and the domestic situation, at the right moment adjusted the economic growth and the unemployment government macroscopic policy, realized the economic growth and the job enlargement benign interaction.
5. the expanded domestic demand and the job enlargement unify the economic growth are the job enlargement foundations closely. The international finance crisis in the spread, its influence, China's economic growth is also also started to slide, needs in not the strong situation in outside, we should expand the domestic demand, while guarantees the economic growth to reduce the unemployment. Because, maintains the national economy fast, the stable growth is not only continually advantageous in avoids, because the economical fluctuation produces periodic unemployment, moreover is advantageous in raises the effective employment rate, the job enlargement scale. In turn, employment quantity's increase, may use the pool of labor power effectively, enhances the worker income, thus promotion economy growth. But this did not mean that had the economic growth certainly to have the employment to grow, because this kind of drawing effect must receive the economic growth way and so on many kinds of factors the influence. The economic growth on own initiative will not transform as the employment opportunity expansion. That is, must realize the economic growth and the job enlargement benign interaction, but must have the corresponding macroeconomic policy coordination. In the expanded domestic demand, in the process which the drawing domestic economy grows, should pay great attention various industries technology advancement the overall layout, processes the development labor concentrated industry, the capital intensity industry, the technology-intensive industry to relate properly, in order to realizes under the guarantee economic growth rate's premise on the industry growth. Presently, for the resistance international economy environment's adverse effect, the expanded domestic demand may take the measure is: The expansion expends, particularly the resident expends; Continues to adjust the division of income pattern, enhances the low income crowd income and increases farmer's subsidy; Increases the government expenditure, speeds up the municipal administration infrastructure and the service of public utility construction, the improvement livelihood of the people; Speeds up the advancement construction energy conservation work; The stable real estate market and the standard market order, carries out the differentiated earnestly the tax credit policy, encourages and supports the reasonable housing consumption, the promotion real estate market stable healthy development and so on. However, must prevent to expand excessively blindly, prevents to expedite the new froth. When solution at present question, must pay attention to concealed, ambush's question, tracks the situation closely, discovered promptly the new situation, the new symptom, do not accumulate the major problem. An American loan crisis's important lesson, was - - 2001 starts in the last round economic cycle trough, to prevent the economical slump of disastrous proportions and the stimulation rise, adopted has been too loose and lacks the supervision the policy, caused in 2004 around the economical peak the real estate froth, and caused finally 2007--2008 serious crisis.
In this time guarantees the growth, to expand in the domestic demand, has adopted the action which many expansions expend, like enhances the mid and low earning resident income, consummates each social security systems, the cultivation consumption hot spot, expands large amounts stably and so on housing and automobile expends, expanded education, health, culture and so on collective services expense. But in the present stage China industrialization, the urbanization speed up in process, in the consumption pattern to lives, in the line of promotion process, the investment expansion will still cause the rate of investment rise. Along with the Chinese comprehensive national strength's enhancement, this expanded investment was takes seriously with formerly a different characteristic with the direct improvement livelihood of the people related each project, if enlarges the government to the indemnificatory housing investment construction dynamics. In the housing construction, some special investment and the expense relations need to clarify. This is, internationally unifies the stipulation in the national economic accounting statistics, the housing construction is includes expenditure approach GDP by “the investment” “the fixed capital formation” in the project; But the resident purchases from housing, although lived the use regarding the resident to belong to the expense completely, but every year only amount's amortization fund included in the statistics by very small the “expends " in finally the project. This i.e., the housing takes one kind specially, in the year statistics, “" many which includes by the investment, includes by “the expense” is very small. When a country is in the housing construction high tide time, the rate of investment will display high. From looked for a long time, ,
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